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Energy, Climate change, Environment
Energy

REPowerEU roadmap

The roadmap is the EU’s strategy to remove Russian oil, gas and nuclear energy imports from EU markets in a gradual and coordinated way.

The EU’s dependency on Russian energy imports poses a threat to the EU’s economic security. Despite the significant progress achieved under the REPowerEU plan, and via the sanction packages introduced since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the EU saw a rebound in Russian gas imports in 2024.

Therefore, on 6 May 2025, the Commission presented the REPowerEU roadmap, setting out a coordinated, secure and gradual phase out of Russian gas, oil and nuclear energy imports.

A line of red tape separates the EU flag from Russian gas, oil and other energy imports

On 17 June 2025, the Commission presented a legislative proposal to gradually phase out the import of Russian gas and oil by the end of 2027.

Under the co-decision legislative process, the proposal was sent to the European Parliament and Council of the EU for them to negotiate.

A historic agreement to stop Russian gas imports and phase out Russian oil was reached on 3 December 2025.

Press statement by Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission, Dan Jørgensen, European Commissioner, and Fatih Birol, Executive Director of IEA, on the provisional agreement on the phasing out of Russian fossil fuels under REPowerEU

Today, we enter the era of Europe’s full energy independence from Russia. REPowerEU has delivered. It shielded us from the worst energy crisis in decades, and it helped us to transition from Russian fossil fuels at record speed. Today, we are stopping these imports permanently. By depleting Putin’s war chest, we stand in solidarity with Ukraine and set our sights on new energy partnerships and opportunities for the sector.

Ursula von der Leyen, President of the European Commission, 3 December 2025

Energy imports from Russia in 2024

52 bcm
gas to 10 EU countries
13 million tonnes
oil to 3 EU countries
2 800 tonnes
enriched uranium/fuel to 7 EU countries

Timing and measures

  1. 2027

    Target end of Russian gas imports to the EU

  2. 3 December 2025

    Political agreement to stop Russian gas and phase out Russian oil 

  3. end of 2025

    EU countries to submit national plans for the phase out of Russian gas

  4. end of 2025

    Provisions to phase out imports of Russian gas under new contracts and existing spot contracts

  5. June 2025

    Legislative proposal to gradually phase out Russian gas and oil

  6. 6 May 2025

    Commission presents Roadmap towards ending Russian energy imports

The Commission will work hand in hand with EU countries to ensure that the EU-wide phase out of Russian energy imports will be gradual and well-coordinated across the Union. 

The roadmap (COM/2025/440) includes 9 actions and will be followed by legislative proposals in June 2025. Based on the roadmap, the Commission will propose that the phasing out of gas, under existing long-term or spot contracts, ends at the latest by 2027.

Action 1 - EU rules requiring buyers to disclose information on contracts for the import of Russian gas and regular information exchanges between customs authorities and relevant public authorities.

Action 2 – EU countries to plan and monitor the phase out of Russian gas through national plans with clear actions and timeline (submission by end 2025).

Action 3 - Provisions to ban imports of Russian gas under new contracts and existing spot contracts by the end of 2025 at the latest, and under existing long-term contracts, by the end of 2027 the latest.

Action 4 - Explore demand aggregation options and addressing remaining regulatory and market barriers for a better use of infrastructure.

Action 5 - Trade measures on Russian imports of enriched uranium to level the playing field and encourage political and business decisions to accelerate capacity building in EU's nuclear value chain and restrictions on new supply contracts co-signed by the Euratom Supply Agency concerning uranium, enriched uranium and other nuclear materials deriving from Russia.

Action 6 – EU countries to plan and monitor the phase out of Russian nuclear energy imports through national plans with clear actions and timeline within specific deadlines.

Action 7 - Proposal for a European Radioisotopes Valley Initiative. 

Action 8 – 2 EU countries to develop national phase-out plans with clear actions and timeline for replacing Russian oil by the end of 2027 (submission end 2025).

Action 9 - Continue imposing and enforcing sanctions on entities and vessels transporting oil suspected of illicit activities.

Background

Within 2 weeks of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, the Commission published the Communication 'REPowerEU: Joint EU action for more affordable, secure and sustainable energy'. It outlined the EU's commitment to phase out our dependency on Russian energy imports, listing a series of measures to achieve this goal.

The Communication was embraced by EU leaders as part of the ‘Versailles declaration’, in March 2022.

The REPowerEU plan, published on 18 May 2022, presented a set of actions and resources aimed at achieving the goals outlined in the preceding communication. It was designed to effectively address and fulfil the goals of the previous communication through the 3 key objectives: promoting energy conservation, encouraging clean energy production and diversifying the energy supplies.

Effective as of 1 March 2023, Regulation 2023/435 mandates that EU countries integrate a dedicated REPowerEU chapter into their Recovery and Resilience Plans, covering energy-related reforms and investments.

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