This dashboard presents the EU's energy dependency rates, net energy imports and energy import bill estimations calculated in the framework of the study on energy prices, costs and their impact on industry and households. A decomposition of the effects explaining the variation in the energy import bill between two years is also included.
Net imports refer to imports minus exports. The energy dependency rate is calculated as net imports divided by gross available energy. The EU corresponds to the current EU27. The EU is treated as a whole, therefore only extra-EU imports and exports are considered.
The analysis covers the main fossil fuels: crude oil, natural gas and hard coal. These fuels still account for two thirds of the EU's gross inland energy consumption and the overwhelming majority (around 97% in 2020) of net energy imports.
Energy dependency rates and net energy imports are provided for the period 1990 to 2020. The estimated energy import bill is provided between 2014 and the first half of 2022. The energy import bill for 2022 is for the first half of 2022 only. It can therefore be assumed that this bill will be at least doubled for the whole year. The bills are expressed in current euros.
How to use the dashboard
Select the graph you want to display. At the bottom of the chart, you can choose which fuels you wish to display; by default, all are shown. On the right hand side, a menu will appear, which allows you to download, print or modify the data view.